Best Oncology Medicines for Breat Cancer

 

 "Know your Breast cancer to unleash the best treatment options"

Breast cancer is not always the same, its variable having many types.

Understanding its types brings you close to the best treatment options.

Hormone – driven Breast Cancer

The most common breast cancer is driven by the female hormones- estrogen and progesterone ranging in about 60% of the total breast cancer cases.

Treatment involves a Hormone therapy approach.

HER-2 Positive Cancer

Next comes HER2-positive cancer, which means excessive HER-2 genes, relying on estrogen and progesterone to grow.

HER-2 is Human Growth Epidermal Factor receptor-2, which helps breast cell growth and repair.

Treatment involves both HER2-targeted therapy and hormone therapy.

HER-2 Negative Cancer

HER-2 negative cancer produces excessive HER-2 gene but does not depend upon the estrogen or progesterone; treatment involves a targeted therapy approach.

Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

The triple-negative breast cancer, called basal-like breast cancer, does not depend upon hormones or the HER-2 gene.

The most likely to re-occur and the most aggressive cancer types.

The treatment required a combined therapy – chemotherapy, immunotherapy, surgery, and targeted therapy.

Metastatic Breast Cancer

The advanced cancer that has spread to various organs of the body.

Treatment necessitates a combination of therapy, chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation.

Inflammatory Breast Cancer sub type

It’s the rarest cancer, highly aggressive in nature having symptoms like redness, flare, and does not cause the formation of lump.

Treatment focuses on combination therapy, including antibody-drug conjugates.

 

 “Advanced drug therapies offer a beacon of hope”

Science and research have evolved manifold, rendering precise treatments with minimal side effects, better outcomes, and enhanced survival rates.

Treatments now follow a patient-centric approach with targeted therapies to improve quality of life.

Targeted Therapy used in Breast Cancer

It involves targeting the cancer cells causing minimal harm to the normal cells. It involves attacking the genes and the proteins involved in cancer cell growth or proliferation.

The target therapy drugs used in breast cancer include:

·         CDK4/6 protein inhibitors – These drugs inhibit the proteins necessary for the cancer cell cycle.

It is used in in cancer which are not hormone-dependent like HER-2 negative cancers .

·         HER2 inhibitor drugs – It is used for hormone-dependent cancers like HER-2 positive cancers It results in the over-expression of the HER-2 gene.

·         Multi-kinase inhibitor –Used in combined therapies to treat advanced or early-stage cancers.

Hormonal Drug Therapy for Breast Cancer –

Hormonal therapy in breast cancer targets pituitary secretions, estrogen and progesterone. estrogen is the female hormone that fuels the breast tumor. Its blockade prevents tumor growth and also cause shrinkage of the tumor.

• Aromatase inhibitor-

The aromatase enzyme is utilized in the conversion of androgen to estrogen .Blocking the aromatase enzyme significantly lowers the estrogen expression.

Its highly effective for women after the post menopause.

• Selective estrogen receptor down regulator (SERD) –

It blocks the estrogen receptor directly halts estrogen secretion, causes tumor shrinkage, and stops tumor growth.

Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists:

In pre-menopause women, the ovaries are responsible for the major estrogen production. LHRH alters this ovarian function, thus reduce estrogen secretion.

It produces high results in pre-menopausal women.

Immunotherapy for breast cancer:

Enhance the body’s natural immune system, recognizes and eliminate the cancer cells.

Checkpoint inhibitors: work by blocking 'checkpoint' proteins that cancer cells use to evade detection. By inhibiting these proteins, the immune system is reactivated, allowing T cells to recognize and attack cancer cells. Highly effective in triple-negative breast cancer.

·         Monoclonal Antibodies: the antibodies that mimic the immune system proteins and target specific cancer cells, like HER-2 .

·         Genetically modified T cells - T- cells are engineered to recognize tumor-antigen, enabling them to recognize and attack tumor cells.

Antibody-Drug Conjugates –

The antibodies are abreast with cytotoxic drugs, like microtubule inhibitors. The antibody binds to the tumor-specific antigen and releases cytotoxic agent, which attacks the cancer cell.